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  #61  
Old Tue 17 November 2009, 16:36
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Thanks all for the ideas. For now I will leave it as it is, as Gerald suggested, but in the future I will use Allan's Idea which is the most simple and yet does not confine accessibility.
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  #62  
Old Tue 17 November 2009, 16:45
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Greetings to all,

These past weeks, besides a hectic period of work, mostly I managed some other activities.

Bought the whole lot of electrical parts and cables for the next stage.

Bought the computer but have not set it up yet.

Designed a whole new set of power board, 12/5 V board, pwm to 0-10 V and a more compact breakout board (since I have to use two boards). Had them printed on film and made the bare boards.

Attended a one day course for programming the DELTA VFD-E, which I learned how to interface it with external signals. These VFD’s have a lot of potential and I think it is worth learning the plc section of it.

I will be revising the electric schematic which will be posted after completion. Now the VFD will work in two modes, 1- which receives the start and pwm from MACH. 2- a switchover which overrides MACH and gets the RUN and rpm manually, through its detachable mini panel.
I decided on this switch in order to execute the warm up sequence as devised by Mr. Richards without entering MACH. I would not be using the reverse turning, as my spindle is an ER20 collet. Reversing will probably loosen the nut and be quite dangerous. Please tell me of any possible uses for reversing the spindle. The only use I could imagine is for tapping.


Besides, these were the progress made on the machine:

Mounting the racks:
As you have noticed, I use 35mm, M6 screws to hold the rack at a distance from its final position. This provides enough room to strip the double sided tape. For the X axis a middle support is used as well. Then the screws are turned and the rack is elevated to about 2mm below its final position. This facilitates the positioning of the rack and provides a means to once again check the linearity of the rack against the rail. After binding the rails, the screws will be replaced with M6x25mm.
rackmounting03.jpg

rackmounting02.jpg

rackmounting01.jpg

Z plate:
These were the original plates for mounting the spindle.
Zpate01.jpg

I revised them to incorporate several holes for: attaching a Z echain, bracket for home and limit switch, a moveable dust collector attachment, additional holes for relocating the spindle plate:

Zplate02.jpg

Zplate03.jpg

Arrangement for the tension springs.
tensionspring01.jpg

tensionspring02.jpg
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  #63  
Old Tue 17 November 2009, 18:11
jehayes
Just call me: Joe #53
 
Whidbey Island, Washington
United States of America
Nader: Very nice! Thanks for the great and instructive pictures.
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  #64  
Old Sat 21 November 2009, 14:40
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Thanks Joe,
Hope they are helpful.

Besides the VFD and the drivers which I bought, I made two buffered breakout boards and a 12/5 V regulated power supply.

boards01.jpg

I wonder if I could use the 12V for the PWM to 0-10V board for the VFD, as the 12V and the 5V have common grounds. Any comments?


I decided to install an echain for the Z axis which might prove useful in the future; an air hose for a high speed turbine spindle, a water colled spindle or … The size is 25x30mm.
Zechain01.jpg

Zechain02.jpg


This is the configuration that I use in my gearboxes. A M12 bolt through a bronze bushing, 13mm high. The gearbox stands clear from the support arm by about 1mm which could be less if i grind the bushing.
Zgearbox01.jpg


I tried the standard MechMate 35 turns, 2mm wire, 16mm OD, with elongated length of 128mm, which happened to be unsuitable. While cranking the Z plate down manually, at a point the pinion slipped off the rack. I made a spring with 16 turn, which is very hard to expand and the slipping was eliminated. Now I have to optimize the length of the spring. I suspect this problem is due to slope of the spring and the horizontal vector of the force.
Zgearbox02.jpg

Zgearbox03.jpg

Here is the detail of the spring assembly:
Zgearbox04.jpg
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  #65  
Old Sun 22 November 2009, 07:56
liaoh75
Just call me: David
 
Taibao
Taiwan
Nader, very interesting build. Please keep the pics coming!
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  #66  
Old Mon 23 November 2009, 13:12
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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I changed the Z motor spring to 30 turns of 2.2 mm wire, 16 mmOD. Still slipping. Reduced the number of turns to 23 and it works fine.
I guess the below picture shows the fault. The point of effect of the spring is very much near the pinion axis, not providing enough leverage. The spring should be attached farther up.
Zgearbox05.jpg

The components and arrangement for the Z axis home and limit switch.
Zmicroswitch01.jpg

Zmicroswitch02.jpg

Zmicroswitch03.jpg

Details of Y axis echain:
Yechain01.jpg

Yechain02.jpg

Yechain03.jpg
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  #67  
Old Mon 23 November 2009, 22:12
Gerald D
Just call me: Gerald (retired)
 
Cape Town
South Africa
Nader, that y-car design (bolted rectangle) was used by ShopBot and it was not a success. The major cure for the weak rectangle was to add a second y-motor. Another cure was to add a plate over the rectangle - link
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  #68  
Old Tue 24 November 2009, 15:40
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Gerald,
Thanks for the hint and the link. I studied it but could not comprehend the problem. What was the problem with the ShopBot? What stress condition made it faulty?
Thanks.
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  #69  
Old Tue 24 November 2009, 15:59
sailfl
Just call me: Nils #12
 
Winter Park, FL
United States of America
Nader,

Your machine is looking really good.

Last edited by sailfl; Tue 24 November 2009 at 16:15..
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  #70  
Old Tue 24 November 2009, 21:54
Gerald D
Just call me: Gerald (retired)
 
Cape Town
South Africa
A 5-minute sketch:

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  #71  
Old Thu 26 November 2009, 17:32
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Thanks Nils,

Thanks Gerald,
I got the problem. Do you think that welding the rectangle structure members together will help eliminate this problem? I have to say that the square tubes were quite fit to the angles and bolting them was actually a bit hard.
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  #72  
Old Thu 26 November 2009, 19:58
Gerald D
Just call me: Gerald (retired)
 
Cape Town
South Africa
Nader, I would rather not discuss that further. I am trying very hard to concentrate on the MechMate design only.
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  #73  
Old Fri 04 December 2009, 21:08
wiwatto
Just call me: wiwatto
 
Bangkok
Thailand
Dear Gerald

Take it easy SIR, Don't worry about your MechMate design, even you got more questions or 10,000 photographs. Since June 2007, I know what is the Real MechMate Design. And i hopefully everyone also.

Thank you very much for your hard work on the MechMate.

Nobody, will change my mind " Gerald D is my hero"
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  #74  
Old Fri 04 December 2009, 22:55
Gerald D
Just call me: Gerald (retired)
 
Cape Town
South Africa
I not worried about the MM design (and it is NOT perfect), I am only worried about what will happen to my free time and this forum if I start discussing other designs.
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  #75  
Old Sat 05 December 2009, 15:15
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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I personally agree with Gerald. If I were in his place my answer would be the same. It is not fair to introduce various designs and ask him to comment. Gerald was very considerate to note a fault in my machine. I myself, have to improve it with my mindset on my own design (which somehow I did).
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  #76  
Old Sat 05 December 2009, 15:18
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Details of X axis echain: after the echain a sheet metal duct is installed. A perforated plate has been devised to carry one end of the flexible cable hose.
Xechain01.jpg

Spindle and its mounting plate installed.
Spindle02.jpg
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  #77  
Old Sat 05 December 2009, 15:33
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Starting the electrical

The cables I use. From top to bottom:
Common ground signals cable (except for the motors), i.e. Estop signal (pin10), Pause, Resume, Zset, Home X1,X2,Y,Z,B and GND.
Spindle cable.
Motors cables.
Microswitches routing and Limit Switches/Estop 12VAC cables.
Cables.jpg

I started with the cabling of the machine, soon to notice I have to clear up the matter of the control panel, regarding its entries and exits. So I left the cabling and will attend to that after completing the panel.

As you may have noticed, there are no free walls inside this workshop in order to hang the control panel. Also I might be moving this machine to another workshop. So some flexibility should be considered and I have to make a portable one.

Ordered a 500x700x220 mm control panel. Upon collecting it, I noticed he made a mistake and made it to 500x800x220 mm. He gave me a discount to the initial price for his error. All for the better! Now I can install the VFD inside the box.

These are the panel and the support structure.
controlpanel01.jpg

Here are the sequences for its preparation.

The first step was to locate various components inside the box with minimum voltage interference, considering the routes for the cables, interfacing connectors and input/output devices, and also their location outside the panel walls and door. Also the path of the cooling air to the VFD, the drivers and the transformer should be considered. Metallic plates might be even necessary to channel the air flow to the desired path. I tried different layouts and this was chosen:
controlpanel02.jpg

The next step was to mark the location of the ducts and other components, inside the box.
Next I measured different components dimensions and draw and printed them on paper. Glued them on each panel surface, center pinned and drilled them. Holes larger than 16 mm were cut by hole saw. Sizes: 19, 22, 25 and 43 mm are usually the most common for preparing a panel. For 120 mm fan a 114 mm hole saw should be used. All cuts were done by hand drill.
controlpanel03.jpg

All holes were deburred both from inside and outside, as this is really crucial. This is one side completed:
controlpanel04.jpg

Two rectangular openings should be made. 1- for VFD’s mini keyboard. 2- for the parallel ports.
Here is my method for making rectangular opening on the control panel.
Cutting is done with the remainder of the cutting disks used for cutting the rails. These depleted disks have reduced diameter and work better in short distances. A diagonal cut helps to separate each tab easily. The rest will be finished by filing.
controlpanel05.jpg

controlpanel06.jpg

This is the double LPT port interface:
controlpanel07.jpg

Here are the views of the completed bare box.
controlpanel08.jpg

controlpanel09.jpg

The transformer is quite heavy and will be backed by this U channel. The angle will support the other end of the flexible cable hose. Therefore, for moving the machine, the only tasks to be done are to disconnect the connectors, the earth wire and this angle iron. Then the control panel can be moved independently.
controlpanel10.jpg

The auto air filter and its assembly components. Two off will be installed. One just above the VFD and the other one to provide air for the drivers.
controlpanel11.jpg
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  #78  
Old Mon 07 December 2009, 12:19
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Wiring diagram update

The following changes have been reflected in the new diagram:
Some errative colour coded wires are corrected.
The preliminary wiring of the VFD and the 0-10V board are added.
Another Estop switch added on the panel.
There amy be other revisions.

For DELTA type-E VFD the following programs are to be done:
MI1 -- 02.01 = 2 (external terminal, keypad start/stop disabled)
MI3 -- 04.05 = 8 (operation command selector = external terminal)
MI4 -- 04.06 = 19 (operation command selector = keypad)
MI5 -- 04.07 = 22 (source of second frequency command)
DCM -- 02.09 = 4 (source of 2nd frequency command = digital keypad potentiometer)

Also.

AVI -- 02.00 = 1 (source of 1st master frequency)

The attached file is a zipped .dxf file

electrical UR8a4.rar
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  #79  
Old Mon 07 December 2009, 12:29
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Wiring of the control panel

Here will be the stages of wiring the control panel as I progress.

Prior to starting, the box was vacuum cleaned and cleaned with a damp cloth. No traces of drilling chips.
Placing and securing the cable ducts inside the panel:
panelwiring01.jpg

These are the consumables normally used for wiring.
panelwiring02.jpg

The wiring operation will be divided into 4 stages:
The 220VAC stage, the VFD stage, the drivers stage and the breakout and interface stage.

The 220 VAC wiring stage:
The relay and terminal blocks mounted on the DIN rail and tag numbered. Please note the spacer under the rail for ease of wiring (idea from Gerald).
panelwiring03.jpg

All other components related to this stage are mounted in their respective places.
panelwiring04.jpg

This is the space I made myself to start with the wiring.
panelwiring05.jpg

The 220VAC stage completed. All wires tagged according to the drawing:
panelwiring06.jpg

Mounting the VFD and connecting the feed wires. Mounting the transformers:
panelwiring07.jpg

panelwiring08.jpg

Fastening the transformer from behind.
panelwiring09.jpg

Mounting the 39VDC module:
panelwiring10.jpg
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  #80  
Old Tue 08 December 2009, 10:12
javeria
Just call me: Irfan #33
 
Bangalore
India
thats actually good organized work - I am so ashamed
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  #81  
Old Tue 15 December 2009, 12:54
Zanchet
Just call me: Luci
 
Florianópolis
Brazil
Nader

You´re the MAN!
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  #82  
Old Tue 15 December 2009, 13:44
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Connecting the drivers

Connector side of motors wiring:
panelwiring11.jpg

Driver side with separate grounds for motors wiring:
panelwiring12.jpg

Arrangement of the motor/driver wires:
panelwiring13.jpg

Preparation of wires between the driver and the DC power supply.
panelwiring14.jpg

panelwiring15.jpg

Placing the drivers and its wiring. Duct covers removed to show the routes better.
panelwiring16.jpg

panelwiring17.jpg

Details of power supply connection. To avoid clutter around the driver, the second set of ground wires are connected on the power supply side, rather than the driver side.
panelwiring18.jpg

panelwiring19.jpg

Spindle UVW connection:
panelwiring20.jpg

Connection route of the VFD switchover switch and the mini keypad to the VFD. Another Estop is also routed through this cable duct.
panelwiring21.jpg

Mounting the 5/12 VDC power suppy:
panelwiring22.jpg

The PWM to 0-10V board is still under development, therefore I have to run the spindle in manual mode. Upon completion, I will start a separate thread for it.
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  #83  
Old Tue 15 December 2009, 13:51
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Here are a set of carbide bits, newly bought. Although I was told that they are usually used by stone cutters but they work outstanding on MDF. On the other machine, a 6mm diameter tool cuts 6 mm depth per pass @1700 mm/min without any deflection in the tool. I have not tested them beyond this limits but I suppose they have the potential for more. Wall faces are smooth with acceptable tool marks.
These are 5,6 and 8 mm shanks.
tools01.jpg

These I have bought to test the 4th axis. 6mm shanks:
tools02.jpg
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  #84  
Old Tue 15 December 2009, 23:26
Alan_c
Just call me: Alan (#11)
 
Cape Town (Western Cape)
South Africa
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Nader, nice panel layout. Ideally those drivers should be mounted vertically so that the heat can dissipate off the fins of the heatsinks. as they are now you might get hot air pockets collecting under each heatsink. I know you are going to have fans on the case but I doubt much air will move through there. Of course it also depends on how much heat those drivers will generate - it might be of no concern - perhaps Mike Richards could weigh in here, he has far mor experience with these kind of layouts.

Never mind, I see above you have considered even putting in baffles if required - it would help if I read properly before commenting.

Last edited by Alan_c; Tue 15 December 2009 at 23:32..
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  #85  
Old Wed 16 December 2009, 01:14
KenC
Just call me: Ken
 
Klang
Malaysia
Nadar,
I second Alan's concern. The drivers might be just a bit too closely spaced to encourage air flow. I not an expert in this as well, it might not be a concern if the drivers never heat up.
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  #86  
Old Wed 16 December 2009, 13:12
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Alan, Ken,

Thanks for your comments. You are both right. To tell you the truth, my first layout was that the drivers were arranged vertically, drawing air from above, but in order to have isolation of high voltage to control voltage, and also to have access to the microstep setting dip switches, I had to place them upside down. I just didn't like the idea to read the texts on the driver upside down!!

In the previous machine, the motors were wired unipolar. They actually worked with very little heat generated. The motors were 3 Amps. Now they will be 4.5 Amps and wired bipolar serial (except for the 4th axis which will be wired bipolar parallel) and I am not aware of their behaviour, but we'll see how it goes.

After finishing the panel (which you will see in the next post), I noticed that baffling might not be a feasible idea, but as you may have noticed there is a space between the VFD and the drivers, just above the 5/12 volts power supply. I could add a couple of 12V computer fans if the temperature builds up.
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  #87  
Old Wed 16 December 2009, 13:29
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
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Finishing the control panel

This is a single connector that incorporates: Estop signal, Home (X1,Y,Z), Home X2, Home B, Pause, Resume, Zset and a common GND.
panelwiring23.jpg

All the wires that will lead to the breakout boards:
panelwiring24.jpg

Breakout boards are installed and wired.
panelwiring25.jpg

Connectors between the parallel ports and the breakout boards are attached.
panelwiring26.jpg

Den of snakes, i.e. the grounding hub. Two more wires will be passed. 1- the 6mm wire from the machine, 2- the wire that goes into the earth.
panelwiring27.jpg

A thorough vacuum cleaning was in order to remove any residue of snapped wires. This is the panel almost finished.
Please ignore the yellow/green wire that goes from the transformer secondary to the ground. It was an aweful mistake and will be replaced by the negative line, just after the bridge to the grounding hub.
panelwiring28.jpg

Air filters installed:
panelwiring29.jpg

Pictures of the work. Nameplates will be attached later.
panelwiring30.jpg

panelwiring31.jpg

A 60 mm cable duct attached to the panel chassis (with double sided tape) which will carry the cables to the other side of the panel.
panelwiring32.jpg

Nail varnish on M3 nuts and screw ends on the back of the panel to restrict their loosening.
panelwiring33.jpg


Next step will be wiring the machine.
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  #88  
Old Wed 16 December 2009, 14:39
Robert M
Just call me: Robert
 
Lac-Brome, Qc
Canada
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Nader, As clean as one can do…. you’re the guy
Very inspiring for many !
Thanks for sharing those. Amicalement, Robert
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  #89  
Old Wed 16 December 2009, 15:31
Claudiu
Just call me: Claus #43
 
Arad
Romania
Nader, that came out professional! Good Job.
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  #90  
Old Thu 17 December 2009, 14:45
Atifeh
Just call me: Nader
 
Tehran
Iran
Send a message via Yahoo to Atifeh
Robert, Claus,
Thanks. These works are inspired by your and others works in this forum.
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